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за однобокое освещение проблемы крэка и стигматизацию темнокожих женщин в псевдонаучных репортажах о «крэковых младенцах»: “Slandering the Unborn,” editorial, New York Times, December 28, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/12/28/opinion/crack-babies-racism.html.

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Arnold Washton, quoted in “Kids and Cocaine: An Epidemic Strikes Middle America,” Newsweek, March 17, 1986, 58–65.

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Mark S. Gold, 800-Cocaine (New York: Bantam, 1984), 78.

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Gina Kolata, “Drug Researchers Try to Treat a Nearly Unbreakable Habit,” New York Times, June 25, 1988, https://www.nytimes.com/1988/06/25/nyregion/drug-researchers-try-to-treat-a-nearly-unbreakable-habit.html.

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“Biology of Addiction: Drugs and Alcohol Can Hijack Your Brain,” NIH News in Health, October 2015, https://newsinhealth.nih.gov/2015/10/biology-addiction; Howard J. Shaffer, “What Is Addiction?” Harvard Health Blog, June 19, 2017, https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/what-is-addiction-2–2017061914490; Cynthia M. Kuhn, Wilkie A. Wilson, “How Addiction Hijacks Our Reward System,” Cerebrum (blog), Dana Foundation, April 1, 2005, https://www.dana.org/article/how-addiction-hijacks-our-reward-system/; “Addiction: The Hijacker, Episode 1,” Addiction Policy Forum, posted July 17, 2018, YouTube video, 3:17, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MbOAKmzKmJo.

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Chris Stokel-Walker, “Is ‘Dopamine Fasting’ Silicon Valley’s New Productivity Fad?” BBC, November 19, 2019, https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20191115-what-is-dopamine-fasting.

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Ingrid Wickelgren, “Getting the Brain’s Attention,” Science 278, no. 5335 (October 1997): 35–37, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.278.5335.35; Berridge, Kringelbach, “Pleasure Systems in the Brain,” 656–657. В частности, эксперименты показали, что прерывание дофаминовых цепей не мешает получать удовольствие. Мы ссылаемся на высказывание Уайза: «Я больше не верю, что уровень удовольствия пропорционален количеству дофамина, выделившегося в мозгу».

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Nutt et al., “Dopamine Theory,” 307. Натт упоминает несколько исследований, оспаривающих представление о том, что выброс дофамина играет ключевую роль в эффекте вознаграждения при употреблении опиоидов, хотя имеется одно недавнее исследование, указывающее на значительное высвобождение дофамина в вентральном полосатом теле после введения морфина: Primavera A. Spagnolo et al., “Striatal Dopamine Release in Response to Morphine: A [11C] Raclopride Positron Emission Tomography Study in Healthy Men,” Biological Psychiatry 86, no. 5 (September 2019): 356–364, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.03.965.

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Kenneth W. Tupper, “Psychoactive Substances and the English Language: ‘Drugs,’ Discourses, and Public Policy,” Contemporary Drug Problems 39, no. 3 (September 2012): 462–492, https://doi.org/10.1177/009145091203900306.

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Discussed at length in Carl L. Hart, Drug Use for Grown-Ups: Chasing Liberty in the Land of Fear (New York: Penguin Press, 2021), 11.

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Beecher, Six Sermons, 12–14.

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Thomas R. Pegram, Battling Demon Rum: The Struggle for a Dry America, 1800–1933 (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee Press, 1998), loc. 774–776 of 2089, Kindle; David Hanson, “Scientific Temperance Instruction: Temperance Teachings,” Alcohol Problems and Solutions (сайт), дата обращения 11.02.2021, https://www.alcoholproblemsandsolutions.org/scientific-temperance-instruction-temperance-teachings/; Parsons, Manhood Lost, loc. 154 of 3566.

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Osama bin Laden, interview by Peter Arnett, “Osama bin Laden Declares Jihad in 1997 in CNN Interview,” CNN, posted May 2, 2011, YouTube video, 1:23, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=orawG7vt68o; Susan Michelle Gerling, “Louisiana’s New ‘Kill the Carjacker’ Statute: Self-Defense or Instant Injustice?” Journal of Urban and Contemporary Law 55, no. 1 (January 1999): 109–134.

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Anne Case, Angus Deaton, Deaths of Despair and the Future of Capitalism (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2020), 1–16.

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Beth Macy, Dopesick: Dealers, Doctors, and the Drug Company That Addicted America (New York: Little, Brown, 2018), 113.

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Nash, “Addicted,” http://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19970505,00.html.

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Джастин Эдвардс, письмо Уильяму Аллену Хэллоку, в кн. William Allen Hallock, Light and Love: A Sketch of the Life and Labors of the Rev. Justin Edwards (New York, 1855), 195, https://books.google.com/books?id=ObpEAAAAIAAJ.

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American Temperance Union, “Sixth Annual Report,” в кн. Permanent Temperance Documents, vol. 2 (New York, 1853), 332, https://www.google.com/books/edition/Permanent_Temperance_Documents_Annual_re/DNsXAAAAYAAJ.

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Milton A. Maxwell, “The Washingtonian Movement,” Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol 11, no. 3 (1950): 410–451, https://doi.org/10.15288/qjsa.1950.11.410; Christopher M. Finan, Drunks: An American History (Boston: Beacon Press, 2017), гл. 2; A Member of the Society, Foundation, Progress and Principles of the Washington Temperance Society […] (Baltimore, 1842), https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Foundation_Progress_and_Principles_o/iS1CAQAAMAAJ; David Harrisson Jr., A Voice from the Washingtonian Home […] (Boston, 1860), https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=pst.000052997631&view=1up&seq=9; T. S. Arthur, Six Nights with the Washingtonians: A Series of Temperance Tales (Philadelphia, 1843), https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044051143683&view=1up&seq=9; John Marsh, Hannah Hawkins, the Reformed Drunkard’s Daughter (New York,1844), https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=vA0qAAAAYAAJ.

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Finan, Drunks, 37–39.

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Gabriel, “Gods and Monsters,” 132.

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Michelle L. McClellan, Lady Lushes: Gender, Alcoholism, and Medicine in Modern America (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2017), 41–42.

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Blocker, American Temperance Movements, 41; Tyrrell, Sobering Up, 166.

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Arthur, Six Nights, 43.

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Abraham Lincoln, “Temperance Address Delivered before the Springfield Washington Temperance Society, on the 22nd February, 1842,” в кн. Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, vol. 1, ed. Roy P. Balser (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1953; Ann Arbor, MI: Text Creation Partnership, 2011), 271–79.

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John B. Gough, An Autobiography […], in Crowley, Drunkard’s Progress, 158.

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William George Hawkins, Life of John H. W. Hawkins (Boston, 1862), 90–92, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc2.ark:/13960/t7fq9t07q&view=1up&seq=9.

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Lincoln, “Temperance Address,” in Collected Works, 271–276.

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Crowley, введение в кн. Drunkard’s Progress, 6.

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Tyrrell, Sobering Up, 176.

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[Walt Whitman], “Temperance among the Firemen!” New York Aurora, March 30, 1842, в кн. Walt Whitman, the Journalism, vol. 1, 1834–1846, ed. Herbert Bergman, Douglas A. Noverr, Edward J. Recchia (New York: Peter Lang, 1998), https://whitmanarchive.org/published/periodical/journalism/tei/per.00420.xml; Reynolds, “Black Cats,” 48.

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Gough, An Autobiography, 136–140.

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