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177 “Post-Election Survey of Youth,” Human Rights Foundation, Washington, DC., www.hrc.org. 2017, https://assets2.hrc.org/files/assets/resources/HRC_PostElectionSurveyofYouth.pdf

178 “American Teens Lie, Steal, Cheat at ‘Alarming’ Rates: Study.” Dec 1, 2010. Breitbart. 26 April 26, 2011. http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=081201214432.rjut4n2u

179 Justin McCarthy, “About Half of Americans Say U. S. Moral Values Are ‘Poor” Gallup, June 1, 2018, https://news.gallup.com/poll/235211/half-americans-say-moral-values-poor.aspx

180 Julie Bosman, Serge F. Kovaleski and Jose A. Del Real “A College Scam Built with Swagger, and Secrets,” NYTimes, March 18, 2019.

181 Jen Doll, “The Moral Decline in the Words We Use,” The Atlantic, Aug. 24. 2012, https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2012/08/moral-decline-words-we-use/324319/; Pelin Kesebir and Selin Kesebir, “The Cultural Salience of Moral Character and Virtue Declined in Twentieth Century America,” (2012) Journal of Positive Psychology; https://ssrn.com/abstract=2120724

182 David Brooks, The Road to Character, (New York: Random House, 2016), p. 233.

183 Ibid, Brooks, 136

184 Ibid, Brooks, 287

185 William Damon, “The Moral Development of Children,” Scientific American, Aug. 1999.

186 Christian Smith, Kari Christoffersen, Hilary Davison and Patricia Snell Herzog, Lost in Transition: The Dark Side of Emerging Adulthood. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011).

187 Maurice J. Elias, “Helping Your Students Identify Their Values,” Edutopia, July 3, 2017, https://www.edutopia.org/blog/helping-your-students-identify-their-values-maurice-elias

188 MalalaYousafzai, I Am Malala: How One Girl Stood Up for Education and Changed the World. (New York: Little, Brown and Company, 2010), p. 210.

189 S. P. Oliner and P. M. Oliner, The Altruistic Personality: Rescuers of Jews in Nazi Europe. (New York: Free Press, 1988), p. 164–68.

190 Malala Yousafzai with Christina Lamb I Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Taliban. (New York: Back Bay Books, 2015), p. 7.

191 Transcript of PBS Margaret Warner’s Interview of Malala Yousafzai, “Malala Says Assassination Threats Can’t Weaken Her Cause,” Oct 11, 2013, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/education/malala-says-assassination-threats-cant-weaken-her-cause

192 Hailey Reissman, “Why Is My Daughter Strong? I Didn’t Clip Her Wings: Ziauddin Yousafzai at TED2014, TEDBlog, March 17, 2014, https://blog.ted.com/why-is-my-daughter-strong-because-i-didnt-clip-her-wings-ziauddin-yousafzai-at-ted2014/

193 Alamo Heights ISD “Cambridge Rocks Kindness” personal visit to the school and discussion with Diana Cashion, Cambridge Elementary Counselor.

194 Teenagers Most Influenced by Celebrities, The Telegraph, Aug. 12, 2019, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/6012322/Teenagers-most-influenced-by-celebrities.html

195 Linda Lyons, “No Heroes in the Beltway,” Gallup News, July 30, 2002, https://news.gallup.com/poll/6487/heroes-beltway.aspx

196 Donald McCabe and Linda Klebe Trevino, “Honesty and Honor Codes, Academic 88, no 1 (January/February 2002): 37; Donald McCabe, “Toward a Culture of Academic Integrity,” Chronicle of Higher Education, 15 October 1999, B7; Linda Klebe Trevino and Donald McCabe, “Academic Integrity in Honor Code and Non-Honor Code Environments” Journal of Higher Education, 70 (1999): 211–35.

197 Alexander W. Astin, Lori J. Vogelgesang, Elaine K. Ikeda, Jennifer A. Yess, “How Service Learning Affects Students” (2000) Higher Education. Paper 144, http://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/slcehighered/144.

198 Anne Colby & William Damon. Some Do Care: Contemporary Lives of Moral Commitment. New York: Free Press, 1992.

199 Account of the massacre and Thompson’s actions: P. Block, “The Choices Made: Lessons from My Lai on Drawing the Line,” The Seattle Times, Mar, 20, 2002. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/pacificnw/2002/0310/cover.html.

200 H. Thompson, Jr.: “Moral Courage in Combat: The My Lai Story,” A lecture by Hugh Thompson, Jr. Annapolis, MA: U. S. Naval Academy, Center for the Study of Professional Military Ethics, 2003; Trent Angers, The Forgotten Hero of My Lai: The Hugh Thompson Story. Lafayette, LA: Acadian House Publishing, 1999.

201 “‘Youngest Inventor’ Patents Broom,” BBC News, Apr 16, 2008, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7350341.stm

202 “Alissa Chavez’s Hot Seat Alarm Aims to Prevent Child Hot Car Deaths,” CBC News, Jul 29, 2014, https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/alissa-chavez-s-hot-seat-alarm-aims-to-prevent-child-hot-car-deaths-1.2721351

203 Shay Maunz, “Inventing the Future” TIME, Feb. 3, 2020, p. 49.

204 Frank Moss, The Sorcerers and their Apprentices. New York: Crown Business, 2011.

205 Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, “The Secret to Happiness,” TED 2004, https://www.ted.com/talks/mihaly_csikszentmihalyi_on_flow, M. Csikszentmihalyi, Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. NY: HarperCollins, 2009.

206 IU New Room, Indiana University, “Latest HSSSE Results Show Familiar Theme: Bored, Disconnected Students Want More from Schools,” June 8, 2010, http://newsinfo.iu.edu/news-archive/14593.html Research by Ethan Yazzie-Mintz,»Charting the Path from Engagement to Achievement: A Report on the 2009 High School Survey of Student Engagement».

207 David Shernoff, Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Barbara Schneider & Elisa Shernoff (2003). “Student Engagement in High School Classrooms from the Perspective of Flow Theory,” School Psychology Quarterly 18. 158–176. 10.1521/scpq.18.2.158.21860.

208 John Roach, “Students, Prompted by Massacre, Design Emergency Lock to Thwart Shooters,” Oct. 24, 2013, NBC News, https://www.nbcnews.com/sciencemain/students-prompted-massacre-design-emergency-lock-thwart-shooters-8C11451971

209 Hoai-Tran Bui, “D. C. Students Invent Emergency Door Lock to Stop Shooters,” NBCWashington, Oct. 29, 2013, https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/DC-Students-Invent-Emergency-Door-Lock-to-Stop-Shooters-229201391.html

210 Chase Purdy, “American School Shootings Are So Common Teens Are Inventing Tools to Stay Safe,” Quartz, Feb. 20, 2018, https://qz.com/1211304/us-school-shootings-are-so-common-teens-are-inventing-tools-to-stay-safe/

211 Frank Moss, “The Power of Creative Freedom: Lessons from the MIT Media Lab,” from the book, Innovation: Perspectives for the 21st Century, OpenMind, https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/articles/the-power-of-creative-freedom-lessons-from-the-mit-media-lab/

212 Katie Reilly, “When Schools Get Creative,” The Science of Creativity. TIME Special Education, May 2019, p. 85.

213 Todd B. Kashdan and Paul J. Silvia, “Curiosity and Interest: The Benefits of Thriving on Novelty and Challenge,” in Handbook of Positive Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009, pp 367–375.

214 Jenny Soffel, World Economic Forum: “What Are the 21st-Century Skills Every Student Needs?” Mar 10, 2016, https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/03/21st-century-skills-future-jobs-students/. Accessed Jun 26, 2019.

215 Pew Research Center, “The State of American Jobs,” Oct. 6, 2016, https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2016/10/06/the-state-of-american-jobs/

216 Darin J. Eich, “Innovation Skills for the Future: Insights from Research Reports,” Innovation Training, 2018 Retrieved Jun 19, 2019; https://www.innovationtraining.org/innovation-skills-for-the-future/ / Francesca Levy and Christopher Cannon, “The Bloomberg Job Skills Report 2016: What Recruiters Want,” Bloomberg, https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2016-job-skills-report/; American Management Association (AMA) Critical Skills Survey (complex problem solving, critical thinking, creativity, collaboration and team building, Dec 2010.

217 S. Hidi and D. Berndorff, “Situational Interest and Learning. In L. Hoffman, a. Krapp, K. A. Renninger, & J. Baumert (Eds.). Interest and Learning (pp. 74–90). Kiel, Germany: IPN. U. Schiefele, A. Krapp & A. Winteler. (1992). “Interest